GlyClass

GlycoEnzDB
Comprehensive glycoEnzyme database and dynamic pathway generation

Description: The GlycoEnzDB is a manually curated glycoEnzyme database, primarily focused on humans. It covers 390 enzymes across 28 pathway maps. Facilities are also available to create custom glycosylation reaction pathways using experimental data in SBML format and for pathway simulation
Contacts: Sriram Neelamegham (neel@buffalo.edu), Yusen Zhou (yusenzho@buffalo.edu) or Ted Groth (tgroth@buffalo.edu).

GlycoEnzDB
Create glycosylation pathway
Custom database generation
Instructions/Reference
 
Pathway Map
HAS2



General Information
Gene Symbol:   
HAS2
Protein name:   
Hyaluronan synthase 2
Enzyme Class:   
Glycosyltransferase
CAZy Family:   
GT2
E.C. No:   
2.4.1.212
Organs:   
Reaction (SNFG):   
+
→
+ UDP
+
→
+ UDP
Reaction (IUBMB):   
No specified reaction.
About

• HA is a neutral polysaccharide [GlcNAc(b4)GlcA(b3)] with mass 10^3 to 10^7 Da depending on tissue type
• These are made by three HAS enzymes (Hyaluronic acid synthase: HAS1, HAS2, HAS3) that are expressed on cell plasma membrane
• All enzymes have a DXD motif in the cytoplasmic region. HA produced in cells is secreted outside and forms the glycocalyx
• HAS1, 2, 3 are integral membrane proteins composed of multiple membrane spanning regions with hydrophobic amino acid clusters and a large cytoplasmic loop
• HAS enzymes synthesize HA by adding both UDP-GlcNAc and UDP-GlcA at either the reducing or non-reducing end depending on the organism
• HAS2 knockout mouse are embryonically lethal with severe cardiac and vascular abnormalities. HAS2 abnormalities are also associated with cancer and atherosclerosis
• HAS1 and HAS3 double-knockouts are viable and show enhanced dermal inflammatory response
• In humans, HAS enzymes are associated with cancer and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension

Related Pathway
KEGG ORTHOLOGY:   
K00752
KEGG Pathway:   
No Record 
Reactome:   
R-HSA-2142850
Related Database
Organism:   
Homo sapiens
Uniprot:   
Q92819 
NCBI GeneID:   
3037
GlyMap GeneID:   
3037
DNA aRefSeq:   
NM_005328.2 
Protein RefSeq:   
NP_005319.1 
BRENDA:   
Kinetic info.
OMIM number:   
601636
GeneCards database:   
HAS2
Enzyme Specificity
Glycan Type:  
     GAG
Compartment:  
     
Substrate:  
     GlcA(b1-3) or GlcNAc(b1-4)
Product:  
     GlcNAc(b1-4)GlcA(b1-3) or GlcA(b1-3)GlcNAc(b1-4)
Simulation Parameters
Mechaelis-Menten parameters (suggested)
VM:       (pmol/cell • hr)       KM:       (pM)
Relative conc of enzymes in compartment.(sum will be normalized to 1)
ER Cis- Medial- Trans- TGN










Expression Data in Tissue {ref. 5} Source from NCBI gene database
adrenal appendix bone marrow brain colon duodenum endometrium esophagus fat gall bladder heart kidney liver lung lymph node ovary pancreas placenta prostate salivary gland skin small intestine spleen stomach testis thyroid urinary bladder 8 6 4 2 0 RPKM
Expression Data in Cells {ref. 13} Source from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia database
Kidney Lung Breast Prostate Large intestine Ovary HL60 haematopoietic and lymphoid tissue Skin Central nervous system 786O A498 ACHN CAKI1 UO31 A549 EKVX HOP62 HOP92 NCIH226 NCIH23 NCIH322 NCIH460 NCIH522 SHP77 BT549 HS578T MCF7 MDAMB231 MDAMB468 T47D DU145 PC3 HCT116 HCT15 HT29 KM12 SW620 OVCAR4 OVCAR8 IGROV1 SKOV3 HL60 K562 RPMI8226 LOXIMVI MALME3M RPMI7951 SKMEL28 SKMEL5 UACC257 UACC62 SF268 SF295 SF539 SNB75 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Transcripts per million (TPM)
Transcription factor {ref. 10}
Transcriptional start site (TSS) 0 200 -2000 -1800 -1600 -1400 -1200 -1000 -800 -600 -400 -200
ENST00000303924 PPARG RUNX1 REST EOMES RUNX1 FOXH1 SP1 POU5F1 KAT8 SIX5 ZNF316 SOX5 MAFG RCOR2 ZNF652 RUNX1 HOMEZ HOMEZ ZBTB2 ZNF654 ZNF654 NFIA MAX NFE2L2 SOX2 SOX2 PRDM1 PRDM1 PRDM1 SMAD1 KLF16 MAFF MAFF ZNF701 MBD1 IRF4 IRF4 ZNF281 ZNF257 ZNF257 NFIC NFIC PROX1 TEAD1 FOXA3 NR2F6 NR2F6 MEF2A MAZ ZHX2 EGR3 REST REST MIER3 SOX9 NR5A2 NANOG ZNF35 ZXDC STAT5A CEBPA MYCN PRDM6 E2F1 AR ATF2 E2F6 ERG SCRT2 ZFP69B RUNX1 HSF1 TCF12 MYB NFE2 CTCF E2F6 E2F6 PRDM10 MAX MAX MYCN ZSCAN4 E2F1 TFAP2A ZIC2 PPARG EGR3 POU5F1 ZNF18 EOMES GATA6 E2F1 MAX MITF ZFP64 TFAP4 GLIS1 ZBTB48 CTCFL FLI1 NANOG NANOG GATA4 E2F1 SP2 CTCF CTCF MYCN SP1 TCF7L1 E2F1 EGR1 ZNF398 MAZ MAZ EGR3 EGR2 EGR2 E2F1 ZNF467
miRNA-GlycoEnzyme Interactome {ref. 9}
HAS2/hsa-miR-4451
miRNA Target Site Type Pos. Context Score Frac. Wt. Context Frac. Conserved Quality
5'...UUUCUCUCU CUCUACC U...
3'   ACAGGAGUC GAGAUGG U
 7mer-m8 702-708 -0.289 92.0 -0.234 91.0 noncon