GlyClass

GlycoEnzDB
Comprehensive glycoEnzyme database and dynamic pathway generation

Description: The GlycoEnzDB is a manually curated glycoEnzyme database, primarily focused on humans. It covers 390 enzymes across 28 pathway maps. Facilities are also available to create custom glycosylation reaction pathways using experimental data in SBML format and for pathway simulation
Contacts: Sriram Neelamegham (neel@buffalo.edu), Yusen Zhou (yusenzho@buffalo.edu) or Ted Groth (tgroth@buffalo.edu).

GlycoEnzDB
Create glycosylation pathway
Custom database generation
Instructions/Reference
 
Pathway Map
B4GALT1



General Information
Gene Symbol:   
B4GALT1
Protein name:   
Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 1
Enzyme Class:   
Glycosyltransferase
CAZy Family:   
GT7
E.C. No:   
2.4.1.38
Organs:   
Reaction (SNFG):   
+
→
+ UDP
+
→
+ UDP
Reaction (IUBMB):   
No specified reaction.
About

• Creates LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) the most prevelant carbohydrate epitope in mammals and also Galβ1-4Glc (lactose) in milk.
• Galβ1-4GlcNAc linkage (type 2) is widely distributed on glycolipids and glycoproteins derived from the ectoderm and mesoderm.
• B4GalT1 activity on Glc is low, but it interacts with α-lactalbumin, lowering the KM for glucose activity by 1,000-fold. α-lactalbumin levels are high at the start and end of pregnancy.
• LacNAc structures are more prevalant in vertebrates but LacdiNAc is common in invertebrates. Additionally a single base mutation Ile/Lue to Tyr in B4GalNAc-T converts it to B4GalT1. Thus, it maybe that this enzyme evolved from an invertebrated B4GalNAcT.
• B4GalT1-deficient mice exhibit moderately decreased galactosylation and an increased expression of more branched N-glycans. The is a shift in these animals from type 2 chain (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) to type 1 chain (Galβ1-3GlcNAc) chains on the lactosamine backbone. Galactosylation of the N-glycans in the serum IgA from the B4GalT1-deficient mice was completely absent, and they spontaneously developed human immunoglobulin A nephropathy.

Related Pathway
KEGG ORTHOLOGY:   
K07966
KEGG Pathway:   
ko00052  ko00510  ko00513  ko00514  ko00515  ko00533  ko00601  ko01100 
Reactome:   
R-HSA-1912420
Related Database
Organism:   
Homo sapiens
Uniprot:   
P15291 
NCBI GeneID:   
2683
GlyMap GeneID:   
2683
DNA aRefSeq:   
NM_001497.3 
Protein RefSeq:   
NP_001488.2 
BRENDA:   
Kinetic info.
OMIM number:   
137060
GeneCards database:   
B4GALT1
Enzyme Specificity
Glycan Type:  
     N-linked, O-linked (mucin type), O-linked (other), GSL
Compartment:  
     Cis, Medial, Trans, TGN
Substrate:  
     GlcNAc(b1-?) or Glc(b1-?)
Product:  
     Gal(b1-4)GlcNAc(b1-?) or Gal(b1-4)Glc(b1-?)
Constraints:  
     !Gal(b1-3)GlcNAc(b1-?)&!@GlcNAc(b1-4)...Man(b1-4)
Simulation Parameters
Mechaelis-Menten parameters (suggested)
VM:    5.75e-04    (pmol/cell • hr)       KM:    1.50e+08    (pM)
Relative conc of enzymes in compartment.(sum will be normalized to 1)
ER Cis- Medial- Trans- TGN










Expression Data in Tissue {ref. 5} Source from NCBI gene database
adrenal appendix bone marrow brain colon duodenum endometrium esophagus fat gall bladder heart kidney liver lung lymph node ovary pancreas placenta prostate salivary gland skin small intestine spleen stomach testis thyroid urinary bladder 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 RPKM
Expression Data in Cells {ref. 13} Source from Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia database
Kidney Lung Breast Prostate Large intestine Ovary HL60 haematopoietic and lymphoid tissue Skin Central nervous system 786O A498 ACHN CAKI1 UO31 A549 EKVX HOP62 HOP92 NCIH226 NCIH23 NCIH322 NCIH460 NCIH522 SHP77 BT549 HS578T MCF7 MDAMB231 MDAMB468 T47D DU145 PC3 HCT116 HCT15 HT29 KM12 SW620 OVCAR4 OVCAR8 IGROV1 SKOV3 HL60 K562 RPMI8226 LOXIMVI MALME3M RPMI7951 SKMEL28 SKMEL5 UACC257 UACC62 SF268 SF295 SF539 SNB75 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Transcripts per million (TPM)
Transcription factor {ref. 10}
No high degree of confidence data
miRNA-GlycoEnzyme Interactome {ref. 9}
miRNA Name Pos. Context Score Frac. Wt. Context Frac. Conserved Quality
hsa-miR-181d-3p 306-313 -0.68 99.0 -0.675 99.0 noncon
hsa-miR-1178-5p 2796-2803 -0.592 99.0 -0.483 99.0 noncon
hsa-miR-124-3p.1 2089-2096 -0.492 99.0 -0.453 99.0 con
hsa-miR-4731-5p 1450-1457 -0.427 99.0 -0.418 99.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6867-3p 911-918 -0.426 98.0 -0.421 99.0 noncon
hsa-miR-124-3p.2 2090-2097 -0.414 97.0 -0.382 97.0 con
hsa-miR-4685-5p 569-576 -0.407 98.0 -0.402 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-548an 2762-2769 -0.396 99.0 -0.361 99.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6837-5p 569-576 -0.388 98.0 -0.383 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3177-3p 2456-2462 -0.375 92.0 -0.342 93.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4717-5p 650-657 -0.372 98.0 -0.368 99.0 noncon
hsa-miR-7113-5p 2917-2924 -0.371 98.0 0.0 17.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6795-5p 482-489 -0.371 90.0 -0.367 92.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4524b-5p 394-401 -0.364 96.0 -0.36 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4524a-5p 394-401 -0.364 96.0 -0.36 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-579-5p 2438-2444 -0.362 93.0 -0.33 93.0 noncon
hsa-miR-615-3p 179-185 -0.361 91.0 -0.361 93.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4754 2064-2070 -0.347 90.0 -0.321 91.0 noncon
hsa-miR-506-3p 2090-2097 -0.346 96.0 -0.32 97.0 con
hsa-miR-6728-5p 274-281 -0.34 98.0 -0.338 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-5708 116-122 -0.34 91.0 -0.34 92.0 noncon
hsa-miR-124-3p.1 1463-1469 -0.326 96.0 -0.319 97.0 con
hsa-miR-6779-5p 1518-1525 -0.316 95.0 -0.309 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-124-3p.1 1844-1850 -0.315 96.0 -0.308 97.0 con
hsa-miR-4423-3p 1534-1541 -0.315 95.0 -0.308 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-31-3p 789-795 -0.314 95.0 -0.31 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-149-3p 1517-1524 -0.313 96.0 -0.306 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-1226-3p 2489-2496 -0.313 97.0 -0.286 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-7108-5p 939-946 -0.31 98.0 -0.303 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4451 2158-2164 -0.309 93.0 -0.283 94.0 noncon
hsa-miR-424-5p 393-400 -0.308 96.0 -0.304 97.0 con
hsa-miR-6768-5p 2682-2689 -0.308 98.0 -0.281 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6770-5p 2209-2216 -0.307 97.0 -0.281 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-500b-5p 1985-1992 -0.302 98.0 -0.296 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-362-5p 1985-1992 -0.302 98.0 -0.296 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6827-5p 1591-1598 -0.302 92.0 -0.296 94.0 noncon
hsa-miR-7106-3p 2408-2415 -0.299 94.0 -0.273 95.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4639-5p 543-550 -0.298 97.0 -0.295 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-1321 2915-2921 -0.298 96.0 0.0 27.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6838-5p 393-400 -0.297 95.0 -0.294 96.0 con
hsa-miR-6724-5p 2304-2311 -0.294 94.0 -0.269 95.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3689b-3p 1518-1525 -0.292 95.0 -0.286 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-30b-3p 1518-1525 -0.292 95.0 -0.286 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-497-5p 393-400 -0.292 95.0 -0.289 96.0 con
hsa-miR-3689c 1518-1525 -0.292 95.0 -0.286 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3144-5p 108-114 -0.29 92.0 -0.29 94.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6883-5p 1517-1524 -0.289 96.0 -0.283 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-195-5p 393-400 -0.287 94.0 -0.284 96.0 con
hsa-miR-16-5p 393-400 -0.287 94.0 -0.284 96.0 con
hsa-miR-6892-3p 2019-2026 -0.286 95.0 -0.28 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6824-5p 1402-1409 -0.285 92.0 -0.279 94.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3689a-3p 1518-1525 -0.284 94.0 -0.278 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-1273h-5p 1518-1525 -0.284 93.0 -0.278 95.0 noncon
hsa-miR-1914-5p 2543-2550 -0.284 96.0 -0.26 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4437 566-572 -0.284 93.0 -0.281 95.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6773-5p 2304-2311 -0.281 93.0 -0.257 93.0 noncon
hsa-miR-629-3p 912-919 -0.281 98.0 -0.278 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6812-5p 1507-1514 -0.279 92.0 -0.273 93.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3943 2718-2724 -0.274 93.0 -0.25 94.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6785-5p 1517-1524 -0.271 94.0 -0.265 95.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4728-5p 1517-1524 -0.271 94.0 -0.265 95.0 noncon
hsa-miR-15b-5p 393-400 -0.271 94.0 -0.268 95.0 con
hsa-miR-4725-5p 1427-1434 -0.271 92.0 -0.265 95.0 noncon
hsa-miR-15a-5p 393-400 -0.271 94.0 -0.268 95.0 con
hsa-miR-4725-5p 2874-2881 -0.27 92.0 0.0 14.0 noncon
hsa-miR-5694 755-762 -0.269 98.0 -0.266 98.0 noncon
hsa-miR-7155-5p 252-259 -0.267 96.0 -0.265 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6791-5p 1740-1746 -0.265 94.0 -0.259 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6722-3p 1344-1350 -0.263 91.0 -0.258 93.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3127-5p 2114-2120 -0.263 93.0 -0.244 94.0 noncon
hsa-miR-491-5p 1971-1977 -0.262 92.0 -0.257 94.0 noncon
hsa-miR-3678-3p 201-208 -0.259 95.0 -0.259 97.0 noncon
hsa-miR-18a-3p 2531-2538 -0.258 95.0 -0.236 96.0 noncon
hsa-miR-5088-5p 567-573 -0.256 94.0 -0.253 95.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6780a-5p 1518-1525 -0.255 92.0 -0.25 94.0 noncon
hsa-miR-1207-5p 1345-1351 -0.254 92.0 -0.249 93.0 noncon
hsa-miR-6737-5p 1507-1514 -0.253 91.0 -0.248 92.0 noncon
hsa-miR-4701-5p 937-943 -0.251 96.0 -0.248 97.0 noncon