Description: The GlycoEnzDB is a manually curated glycoEnzyme database, primarily focused on humans. It covers 390 enzymes across 28 pathway maps. Facilities are also available to create custom glycosylation reaction pathways using experimental data in SBML format and for pathway simulation
Contacts: Sriram Neelamegham (neel@buffalo.edu), Yusen Zhou (yusenzho@buffalo.edu) or Ted Groth (tgroth@buffalo.edu).
Glycogene class |
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Pathway figs |
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Glycosylation |
Sugar Nucleotide |
Glucuronidation |
Glycan Degradation |
Pathway Map |
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• Creates LacNAc (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) the most prevelant carbohydrate epitope in mammals and also Galβ1-4Glc (lactose) in milk.
• Galβ1-4GlcNAc linkage (type 2) is widely distributed on glycolipids and glycoproteins derived from the ectoderm and mesoderm.
• B4GalT1 activity on Glc is low, but it interacts with α-lactalbumin, lowering the KM for glucose activity by 1,000-fold. α-lactalbumin levels are high at the start and end of pregnancy.
• LacNAc structures are more prevalant in vertebrates but LacdiNAc is common in invertebrates. Additionally a single base mutation Ile/Lue to Tyr in B4GalNAc-T converts it to B4GalT1. Thus, it maybe that this enzyme evolved from an invertebrated B4GalNAcT.
• B4GalT1-deficient mice exhibit moderately decreased galactosylation and an increased expression of more branched N-glycans. The is a shift in these animals from type 2 chain (Galβ1-4GlcNAc) to type 1 chain (Galβ1-3GlcNAc) chains on the lactosamine backbone. Galactosylation of the N-glycans in the serum IgA from the B4GalT1-deficient mice was completely absent, and they spontaneously developed human immunoglobulin A nephropathy.
ER | Cis- | Medial- | Trans- | TGN |
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B4GALT1/hsa-miR-6883-5p |
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miRNA Target | Site Type | Pos. | Context Score | Frac. | Wt. Context | Frac. | Conserved | Quality |
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5'...CCCACACCCCAACU
CCCUCCCA
...
3' UGUAGGUAUGGUGU GGGAGGG A |
8mer | 1517-1524 | -0.289 | 96.0 | -0.283 | 96.0 | noncon | |
5'...CUCCACUUCCCCAA
CCCUCCC
C...
3' UGUAGGUAUGGUGU GGGAGGG A |
7mer-m8 | 1116-1122 | -0.119 | 74.0 | -0.117 | 80.0 | noncon |